To provide tabular data to researchers without GIS capabilities who need data on population and land area by country across a range of physical characteristics. These include measures such as the number of persons living within coastal zones, the percent of a region within specific elevation strata, or the number of persons living within different climate zones.

To provide quantitative metrics for evaluating a country's environmental performance in different policy categories relative to clearly defined targets.

To provide populated place (point) data with consistent population estimates.

To provide annual estimates of anthropogenic global and regional Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) emissions in support of climate, atmospheric or other related research.

To assist in the country selection process for the Millennium Challenge Corporation by providing indicators of natural resource management and child health that complements the governance, social, and economic indicators used by MCC as country selection criteria.

To provide quantitative metrics for evaluating a country's environmental performance in different policy categories relative to clearly defined targets.

To assist in the country selection process for the Millennium Challenge Account by providing indicators of natural resource management that complements the governance, social, and economic indicators.

To provide tabular data on the trends of chlorophyll-a concentration on a pixel by pixel basis for identifying areas with improving, declining, and stable coastal water quality that can provide guidance for decision making in the context of coastal management.

To provide an assessment of potential climate change impacts on world crop production.

To provide documentation on roads data sets that are potential candidates for inclusion in the Global Roads Open Access Data Set (gROADS), and which may be useful to others searching for data on road infrastructure.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of amphibian species distribution in which each grid cell is recoded to 1 (for present) or 0 (for not present) for use in modeling efforts.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of amphibian species distribution at 1- kilometer that preserves the original coding (1=Extant, 2= Possibly present, 3=Probably extinct, 4=Extinct, 5=Extirpated purposely, 6=Occurs on indicated island chain, and 7=Subfossil/fossil).

To provide information on the number of amphibian species present at a 1 kilometer spatial resolution which can be used in modeling efforts, wildlife conservation planning, natural resource management, policy-making, biodiversity studies and human-environment interactions.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of mammal species distribution in which each grid cell is recoded to 1 (for present) or 0 (for not present) for use in modeling efforts.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of mammal species distribution at 1- kilometer that preserves the original coding (1=Extant, 2= Possibly present, 3=Probably extinct, 4=Extinct, 5=Extirpated purposely, 6=Occurs on indicated island chain, and 7=Subfossil/fossil).

To provide provide information on the number of mammal species present at a 1 kilometer spatial resolution which can be used in modeling efforts, wildlife conservation planning, natural resource management, policy-making, biodiversity studies and human-environment interactions.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of bird species presence at 1- kilometer spatial resolution, which in turn can be used in modeling efforts, wildlife conservation planning, natural resource management, policy-making, biodiversity studies and human-environment interactions.

To provide a gridded version of existing vector maps of bird species distribution at 1- kilometer that preserves the original coding (1=Extant, 2= Possibly present, 3=Probably extinct, 4=Extinct, 5=Extirpated purposely, 6=Occurs on indicated island chain, and 7=Subfossil/fossil).

To provide provide information on the number of bird species present at a 1 kilometer spatial resolution which can be used in modeling efforts, wildlife conservation planning, natural resource management, policy-making, biodiversity studies and human-environment interactions.

To provide a database with observed responses to climate change for multidisciplinary studies.