SEDAC Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center
Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion 1998 Assessment

HomeTOCPreviousNext

References
Adami, J., Frisch, M., Yuen, J., Glimelius, B. and Melbye, M. 1995. Evidence of an association between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and skin cancer. British Medical Journal 310:1491-1495.

Adams, M.L., Houpt, K.R. and Cruz, P.D. Jr. 1996. Is phototherapy safe for HIV-infected individuals? Photochem Photobiol 64:234-237.

Ahrens, C., Grewe, M., Berneburg, M., Grether-Beck, S, Quilliet, X., Mezzina, M., Sarasin, A., Lehmann, A.R., Arlett, C.F. and Krutmann, J. 1997. Photocarcinogenesis and inhibition of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in cells of DNA-repair-defective individuals. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 94:6837-6841.

Alcalay, J., Freeman, E.E., Goldberg, L.H. and Wolf, J.E. 1990. Excision repair of pyrimidine dimers induced by simulated solar radiation in the skin of patients with basal cell carcinoma. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 95:506-509.

Aragane, Y., Kulms, D., Metze, D., Wilkes, G., Poppelmann, B., Luger, T.A. and Schwartz, T. 1998. Ultraviolet light induced apoptosis via direct activation of CD95 (Fas/APO-1) independently of its ligand CD95L. Journal of Cell Biology 140:171-182.

Armstrong, B.K., Kricker A. and English, D.R. 1997. Aetiology and pathogenesis of skin cancer. Australian Journal Dermatology 58 (Suppl.):S1-S6.

Armstrong, B.K. and Kricker, A. 1995. Skin cancer. Dermatologic Clinics 13:583-594

Arnold, F., Abseck, S., Longstreth, J., Pitcher, H. and Rubenstein, R. 1998. Stratospheric ozone depletion and future U.S. melanoma mortality. Manuscript in preparation.

Autier, P. and Doré, J.-F. 1998. Influence of sun exposures during childhood and during adulthood on melanoma risk. International Journal of Cancer 77:533-537.

Bataille, V., Grulich, A., Sasieni, P., Swerdlow, A., Newton Bishop, J., McCarthy, W., Hersey, P., Cuzick, J. 1998. The association between naevi and melanoma in populations with different levels of sun exposure: a joint case-control study of melanoma in the UK and Australia. British Jounal of Cancer 77:505-510.

Bentham, G. 1996. Association between incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and solar ultraviolet radiation in England and Wales. British Medical Journal 312:1128-1131.

Berg, R.J.W., Van Kranen, H.J., Rebel, H.G., De Vries, A., Van Vloten, W.A., Van Kreijl, C.F., Van der Leun, J.C. and De Gruijl, F.R. 1996. Early p53 alterations in mouse skin carcinogenesis by UVB radiation: immunohistochemical detection of mutant p53 protein in clusters of preneoplastic epidermal cells. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 93:14025-14029.

Bergmanson, J.P.G. and Sheldon, T.M. 1997. Ultraviolet radiation revisited. CLAO 23:196-204.

Berkow, R. 1992. Ophthalmologic disorders, chapter 17. In The Merck Manual, Berkow, R. (ed.), Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ.

Berwick, M.C. 1998. Epidemiology: current trends, risk factors and environmental concerns. In Cutaneous Melanoma. Balch, C.M, Houghton, A.N., Sober, A.J. and Soong, S.-J. (eds.), Quality Medical Publishing, St. Louis, pp. 551-571.

Boonstra, A. and Savelkoul, H.F.J. 1997. The role of cytokines in ultraviolet B induced immunosuppression. European Cytokine Network 8:117-123.

Boxman, I.L., Berkhout, R.J., Mulder, L.H., Wolkers, M.C., Bouwes Bavinck, J.N., Vermeer, B.J. and ter Schegget, J. 1997. Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in plucked hairs from renal transplant recipients and healthy volunteers. Journal Investigative Dermatology 108:712-715.

Brash, D.E., Ziegler, A., Jonason, A.S., Simon, J.A., Kunala, S. and Leffell, D.J. 1996. Sunlight and sunburn in human skin cancer: p53, apoptosis, and tumor promotion. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings 1:136-142.

Brash, D.E., Rudolph, J.A., Simon, J.A., Lin, A., McKenna, G.J., Baden, H.P., Halparin, A.J. and Ponten, J. 1991. A role for sunlight in skin cancer: UV-induced p53 mutations in squamous cell carcinomas. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences USA 88:10124-10128.

Cartwright, R., McNally, R. and Staines, A. 1994. The increasing incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL): the possible role of sunlight. Leukemia Lymphoma 14:387-394.

Cooper, K.D., Oberhelman, L., Hamilton, T.A., Baardsgaard, O., Terhune, M., LeVee, G., Anderson, T. and Koren, H. 1992. UV exposure reduces immunization rates and promotes tolerance to epicutaneous antigens in humans: relationship to dose, CD1a-DR+ epidermal macrophage induction and Langerhans cell deletion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 89:8497-8501.

Chuan, T.-Y., Reizner, G.T., Elpern, D.J., Stone, J.L. and Farmer, E.R. 1995. Non-melanoma skin cancer in Japanese ethnic Hawaiians in Kauai, Hawaii: An incidence report. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 33:422-426.

Deeg, H.J. and Witherspoon, R.P.1993. Risk factors for the development of secondary malignancies after marrow transplantation. Hematology/Oncology Clinics North America 7:417-429.

DeFabo, E.C. and Noonan, F.P. 1983. Mechanism of immune suppression by ultraviolet irradiation in vivo. I. Evidence for existence of a unique photoprotector in skin and its role in photoimmunology. Journal of Experimental Medicine 158:84-89.

de Gruijl, F.R. 1997. Health effects from solar UV radiation. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 72:177-196.

de Gruijl, F.R. and van der Leun, J.C. 1994. Estimate of the wavelength dependency of ultraviolet carcinogenesis in humans and its relevance to the risk assessment of a stratospheric ozone depletion. Health Physics 67:319-325.

de Gruijl, F.R., Sterenborg, H.J.C.M., Forbes, P.D., Davies, R.E., Cole, C., Kelfkens, G., van Weelden, H., Slaper, H. and van der Leun, J.C. 1993. Wavelength dependence of skin cancer induction by ultraviolet radiation of albino hairless mice. Cancer Research 53:53-60.

Denkins, Y., Fidler, I.J. and Kripke, M.L. 1989. Exposure of mice to UVB radiation suppresses delayed hypersensitivity to Candida albicans. Photochemistry and Photobiology 49:615-619.

Devary, Y., Rosette, C., DiDonata, J.A. and Karin, M. 1993. NF-k B activation by ultraviolet light is not dependent on a nuclear signal. Science 261:1442-1445.

Dumaz, N., Van Kranen, H.J., De Vries, A., Berg, R.J.W., Wester, P.W., Van Kreijl, C.F., Sarasin, A., Daya-Grosjean, L. and De Gruijl, F.R. 1997. The role of UVB light in skin carcinogenesis through the analysis of p53 mutations in squamous cell carcinomas of hairless mice. Carcinogenesis 18:897-904.

ECETOC 1984. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.4. Methylene chloride, CAS: 75-09-2, Turner, L. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1989. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No. 9. Chlorodifluoromethane CAS: 75-45-6, Carpanini, F.M. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1990a. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.16. Dichlorofluoromethane (HCFC-21) CAS:75-43-4, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1990b. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.11. 1,2,-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HFA-132b) CAS:1649-08-7, Carpanini, F.M. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1990c. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.14. 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (HFA-133a), Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1991. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.17. Chlorodifluorethane (1-chloro-1,1,difluoroethane; HFA 142b) CAS: 75-68-3, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1994a. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No. 25. 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC 124) CAS No. 2873-89-0, Stringer, D.A. (ed.),, European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1994b. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.29. 1,1-Dichloro-1-Fluoroethane (HCFC-141b).CAS No 1717-00-6, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1994c. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.24. Pentafluoroethane (HFC 125) CAS No. 354-33-6, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1995a. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.32. Difluoromethane (HFC-32) CAS No. 75-10-5, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

ECETOC 1995b. Joint Assessment of Commodity Chemicals No.31. 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-124a) CAS No. 811-97-2, Stringer, D.A. (ed.), European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium.

Elwood, M. and Jopson, J. 1997. Melanoma and sun exposure: an overview of published studies. Journal of Cancer 73:198-203.

EPA, 1994

Epstein, J.H. 1996. Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Comprehensive Therapeutics 22:179-182.

Finsen, N.R. (1901) Phototherapy. J.H. Sequira (transl.), Edward Arnold, London, pp. 79.

Fisher, M.S. and Kripke, M.L. 1977. Systemic alteration induced in mice by ultraviolet light irradiation and its relationship to ultraviolet carcinogenesis. Proceedings of the National Sciences USA 74:1688-1692.

Fountain, J.W. 1998. Genetic factors. In Cutaneous Melanoma, Balch, C.M, Houghton, A.N., Sober, A.J. and Soong, S.-J. (eds.), Quality Medical Publishing, St. Louis, pp.475-492.

Frisch, M., Hjalgrim, H., Olsen, J.H. and Melbye, M. 1994. Risk of subsequent cancer after diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma: a population-based epidemiological study. Annals of Internal Medicine 125:815-821.

Frisch, M. and Melbye, M. 1995. New primary cancers after squamous cell skin cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 141:916-922.

Gallagher, R.P and McLean, D.I. 1995. The epidemiology of acquired melanocytic nevi - a brief review. Dermatology Clinics 13:595-603.

Gallagher, R.P., Hill, G.B., Bajdik, C.D., Fincham, S., Coldman, A.J., McLean, D.I. and Trefall, W.J. 1995a. Sunlight exposure, pigmentary factors and the risk of nonmelanocytic skin cancer. I: basal cell carcinoma Archives Dermatology 131:157-163

Gallagher, R.P., Hill, G.B., Bajdik, C.D., Fincham, S., Coldman, A.J., McLean, D.I. and Trefall, W.J. 1995b. Sunlight exposure, pigmentary factors and the risk of nonmelanocytic skin cancer. II: squamous cell carcinoma. Archives Dermatology 131:164-169.

Garmyn, M., Degreef, H. and Gilcrest, B.A. 1995. The effect of acute and chronic photodamage on gene expression in human keratinocytes. Dermatology 190:305-308.

Giannini, M.S.H. and DeFabo, E.C. 1987 Abrogation of skin lesions in cutanteous leishmaniasis. In Leishmaniasis: The First Centenary (1885-1985) New Strategies for Control, Hart, D.T. (ed.), NATO ASI Series A: Life Sciences, Plenum Publishing Company, London.

Goettsch, W., Garssen, J., De Gruijl, F.R. and Van Loveren, H. 1996. UVB-induced decreased resistance to Trichinella spiralis in the rat is related to impaired cellular immunity. Photochemistry Photobiology 54:581-585.

Goettsch, W., Garssen, J., Deijns, A., de Gruijl, F.R. and van Loveren, H. 1994. UV-B exposure impairs resistance to infection by Trichinella spiralis. Environmental Health Perspectives 102:298-301.

Goettsch, W., Garssen, J., Slob, W., De Gruijl, F.R. and Van Loveren, H. 1998. Risk assessment for the harmful effects of UVB radiation on the immunological resistance to infectious diseases. Environmental Health Perspectives 106:71-77.

Goldberg, L.H. 1997. Basal cell carcinoma as a predictor of other cancers. The Lancet 349:664-665.

Grodstein, F., Speizer, F.S. and Hunter, D.J. 1995. A prospective study of incident squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in the nurses’ health study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87:1061-1066.

Hall, J., English, D.R., Artuso, M., Armstrong, B.K. and Winter, M. 1994. DNA repair capacity as a risk factor for non-melanocytic skin cancer--a molecular epidemiological study. International Journal Cancer 58:179-184.

Hargis, A.M. 1981 A review of solar induced lesions in domestic animals. The Compendium on Continuing Education 3:287-300.

Harteveld, M.M., Bouwes Bavinck, J.N., Kootte, A.M.M., Vermeer, B.J. and Vandenbroucke, J.P. 1990. Incidence of skin cancer after renal transplantation in the Netherlands. Transplantation 49:506-509.

Hartge, P., Devesa, S.S., Grauman, D., Fears, T.R. and Fraumeni, J.F. Jr. 1996. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and sunlight. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 88:298-300.

Hiller, R., Sperduto, R.D. and Ederer, F. 1983. Epidemiologic associations with cataract in the 1971-1972 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. American Journal of Epidemiology 118:239-249.

Hiramoto, K., Mashita, Y., Katada, T., Konishi, H., Sugiura, M. and Hayakawa, R. 1997. Immunosuppression by ultraviolet B rays via eyes in mice. Archives Dermatological Research 289:709-711.

Hirayama, F. and Ogawa, M. 1994. Cytokine regulation of early B-lymphopoiesis assessed in culture. Blood Cells 20:341-346.

Hodge, W.G., Whitcher, J.P. and Satariano, W. 1995. Risk factors for age-related cataracts. Epidemiologic Reviews: 17:336-346.

Hollows, F.C. 1989. Ultraviolet radiation and eye diseases. Transactions Menzies Foundation 15:113-117.

Holly, E.A., Aston, D.A., Ahn, D.K. and Smith, A.H. 1996. Intraocular melanoma linked to occupations and chemical exposures. Epidemiology 7:55-61.

Holman, C.D.J. and Armstrong, B.K. 1984a. Cutaneous malignant melanoma and indicators of total accumulated exposure to the sun: an analysis separating histogenetic types. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 73:75-82.

Holman, C.D.J. and Armstrong, B.K. 1984b. Pigmentary traits, ethnic origin, benign nevi, and family history as risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 73:75-82.

Howie, S., Norval, M. and Maingay, J. 1986. Exposure to low-dose ultraviolet radiation suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity to herpes simplex virus in mice. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 86:125-128.

Hoy, W.E. 1996. Nonmelanoma skin carcinoma in Albuquerque, New Mexico - experience of a major health care provider. Cancer 77:2489-2495.

Husain, Z., Pathak, M.A., Flotte, T. and Wick, M.M. 1991. Role of ultraviolet radiation in the induction of melanocytic tumors in hairless mice following 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene application and ultraviolet irradiation. Cancer Research 51:4964-4970.

Italian-American Cataract Study Group 1991. Risk Factors for Age-related cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataracts. American Journal Epidemiology 133:542-553.

Italian-American Cataract Study Group 1994. Incidence and progression of cortical, nuclear and posterior subcapsular cataract. American Journal Ophthalmology 118:623-631.

Jeevan, A. and Kripke, M.L. 1993. Impact of ozone depletion on immune function. World Resources Review 5:141-155.

Javitt, J.C. and Taylor, H.R. 1995. Cataract and latitude. Documenta Ophthalmologica 88:307-325.

Kanjilal, S., Pierceall, W.E., Cummings, K.K., Kripke, M.L. and Ananthaswamy, H.N. 1993. High frequency of p53 mutations in ultraviolet radiation-induced murine skin tumors: evidence for strand bias and tumor heterogenicity. Cancer Research 53:2961-2964.

Kawashima, M., Favre, M., Obalak, S., Jablonska, S. and Orth, G. 1990. Premalignant lesions and cancers of the skin in the general population: evaluation of the role of human papillomaviruses. Journal Investigative Dermatology 95:537-542.

Kennedy, M., Kim, K.H., Harten, B., Brown, J., Planck, S., Meshul, C., Edelhauser, H., Rosenbaum, J.T., Armstrong, C.A. and Ansel, J.C. 1997. Ultraviolet irradiation induces the production of multiple cytokines by human corneal cells. Investigations Ophthalmology & Visual Science 38:2483-2491.

Kerb, R., Brockmöller, J., Reum, T. and Roots, I. 1997. Deficiency of glutathione s-transferases T1 and M1 as heritable factors of increased cutaneous UV sensitivity. Jounal of Investigative Dermatology 108:229-232.

Klein, B.E.K., Cruickshanks, K.J. and Klein, R. 1995. Leisure time, sunlight exposure and cataracts. Documenta Ophthalmologica 88:295-305.

Kligman, A.M. and Kligman, L.H. 1993. Photoaging. In Dermatology in General Medicine, 4th. Ed., Fitzpatrick, T.B., Eisen, A.Z., Wolff, K., Freedberg, I.M. and Austen, K.F. (eds.), McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 2972-2979.

Koh, J.S. and Levine, J.S. 1997. Apoptosis and autoimmunity. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension 16:259-266.

Kopecky, K.E., Pugh, G.W. and Hughes, D.E. 1980. Wavelength of ultraviolet radiation that enhances onset of critical infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 41:1412-15.

Kraemer, K.H., Lee, M.M. and Scotto, J. 1984. DNA repair protects against cutaneous and internal neoplasia: evidence from xeroderma pigmentosum. Carcinogenesis 5:11-514.

Kress, S., Sutter, C., Strickland, P.T., Mukhtar, H., Schweizer, J. and Schwartz, M. 1992. Carcinogen-specific mutational pattern in the p53 gene in ultraviolet B radiation-induced squamous cell carcinomas of mouse skin. Cancer Research 52:6400-6403.

Kricker, A. 1992. Sun Exposure and Non-Melanocytic Skin Cancer. Dissertation. Perth, University of Western Australia.

Kricker, A., Armstrong, B.K., English, D.R. and Heenan, P.J. 1995a. A dose-response curve for sun exposure and basal cell carcinoma. International Journal Cancer 60:482-488.

Kricker, A., Armstrong, B.K., English, D.R. and Heenan, P.J. 1995b. Does intermittent sun exposure cause basal cell carcinoma? International Journal Cancer 60:489-494.

Kripke, M.L. 1984. Immunological unresponsiveness induced by ultraviolet radiation. Immunological Reviews 80:87-102.

Kripke, M.L., Cox, P.A., Alas, L.G. and Yarosh, D.B. 1992. Pyrimidine dimers in DNA initiate systemic suppression in UV-irradiated mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 89:7516-7520.

Kut, C., Hornebeck, W., Groult, N., Redziniack, G. Godeau, G. and Pellat, B. 1997. Influence of successive and combined ultraviolet A and B on matrix metalloelastases produced by human dermal fibroblasts in culture. Biology International 21:347-352.

Ley, R.D. 1997. Ultraviolet radiation A-induced precursors of cutaneous melanoma in Mondelphis domestica. Cancer Research 57:3682-3684.

Longstreth, J.D. 1998. Melanoma genesis: putative causes and possible mechanisms. In Cutaneous Melanoma, Balch, C.M, Houghton, A.N., Sober, A.J. and Soong, S.-J. (eds), Quality Medical Publishing, St. Louis, pp. 535-550.

Longstreth, J.D., De Gruijl, F.R., Kripke, M.L., Takizawa, Y. and Van der Leun, J.C. 1995. Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on human health. Ambio 24:153-165.

Lucey, D.R., Clerici, M. and Shearer, G.M. 1996. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in human infectious, neoplastic and inflammatory diseases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 9:532-562.

Mackenzie, F.D., Hirst, L.W., Battistutta, D. and Green, A. 1992. Risk analysis in the development of pterygia. Ophthalmology 99:1056-1061.

Madronich, S. and De Gruijl, F.R. 1993. Skin cancer and UV radiation. Nature 366:23.

Mayer, S.J. 1992. Stratospheric ozone depletion and animal health. Veterinary Record 131:120-122.

McCarty, C.A. and Taylor, H.R. 1996. Recent developments in vision research. Investigations Ophthalmology & Visual Science 37:1720-1723.

McGrath, H., Bell, J.M. and Haycock, J.W. 1994. Fluorescent light activates the immunomodulator cis-urocanic acid in vitro: implications for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 53:396-399.

McGregor, J.M., Berkhout, R.J.M., Rozycka, M., ter Schegget, J., Bouwes-Bavinck, J.N., Brooks, L. and Crook, T. 1997. p53 mutations implicate sunlight in post-transplant skin cancer irrespective of human papillomavirus status. Oncogene 15:1737-1740.

McMichael, A.J. and Hall, A.J. 1997. Does immunosuppressive ultraviolet radiation explain the latitude gradient for multiple sclerosis? Epidemiology 8:642-645.

Méndez, A., Pérez, J., Ruiz-Villamor, E., Martin, M.P. and Mozos, E. 1997. Clinicopathological study of an outbreak of squamous cell carcinoma in sheep. Veterinary Record 141:597-600.

Meola, T., Soter, N.A., Ostreicher, R., Sanchez, M. and Moy, J.A. 1993. The safety of UVB phototherapy in patients with HIV infection. Journal American Academy Dermatology 29:216-220.

Merriam, J.C. 1996. The concentration of light in the human lens. Transactions American Ophthalmological Society 94:804-918.

Müller, K. and Bendtzen, K. 1996. 1,25-dihydroxivitamin D3 as a natural regulator of human immune functions. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings 1:68-71.

Nakazawa, H.D., English, D., Randell, P.L., Nakazawa, K., Martel, N., Armstrong, B.K. and Yamasaki, H. 1994. UV and skin cancer: specific p53 gene mutation in normal skin as a biologically relevant exposure measurement. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 91:360-363.

Nataraj, A.J., Wolf, P., Cerroni, L. and Ananthaswamy, H.N. 1997. p53 mutation in squamous cell carcinomas from psoriasis patients treated with psoralen + UVA (PUVA). Journal Investigative Dermatology 109:238-243.

Naylor, M.F. and Everett, M.A. 1996. Involvement of the p16INK4 (CDKN2) gene in familial melanoma. Melanoma Research 6:139-145.

Newton, R., Ferlay, J., Reeves, G., Beral, V. and Parkin, D.M. 1996. Effect of ambient solar ultraviolet radiation on incidence of squamous-cell carcinoma of the eye. Lancet 347:1450-1451.

Niizeki, H. and Streilein, J.W. 1997. Hapten-specific tolerance induced by acute low-dose ultraviolet B radiation of the skin is mediated via IL-10. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 109:25-30.

Nomura, T., Nakajima, H., Hongyo, T., Taniguchi, E., Fukuda, K., Li, L.Y., Kurooka, M., Sutoh, K., Hande, P.M., Kawaguchi, T., Ueda, M. and Takatera, H. 1997. Induction of cancer, actinic keratosis and specific p53 mutations by UVB light in human skin maintained in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Cancer Research 57:2081-2084.

Noonan, F.P. and Lewis, F.A. 1995 UVB-induced immune suppression and infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Photochemistry and Photobiology 61:99-105.

Norval, M. and el Ghorr, A.A. 1996. UV radiation and mouse models of herpes simplex virus infection. Photochemistry and Photobiology 64:242-245.

Pathak, M.A. 1985. Activation of the melanocyte system by ultraviolet radiation and cell transformation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 453:328-339.

Perna, J.J., Manix, M.L., Rooney, J.E., Notkins, A.D. and Straus, S.E. 1987. Reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus infection by ultraviolet radiation: a human model. Journal American Academy of Dermatology 17:197-212.

Pitcher, H.M. and Longstreth, J.D. 1991. Melanoma mortality and exposure to ultraviolet radiation: An empirical relationship. Environment International 17:7-21.

Ren, Z.P., Pontén, F., Nistér, M. and Pontén, J. 1996. Two distinct p53 immunohistochemical patterns in human squamous cell skin cancer, precursors and normal epidermis. International Journal Cancer 69:174-179.

Rosso, S., Zanetti, R., Martinez, C., Tormo, M.J., Schraub, S., Sancho-Garnier, H., Franceschi, S., Gafa, L., Perea, E., Navarro, C., Laurent, R., Schrameck, C., Talamini, R., Tumino, R. and Wechsler, J. 1996. The multicentre south European study 'Helios'. II: different sun exposure patterns in the aetiology of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. British Journal Cancer 73:1447-1454.

Saah, A.J., Horn, T.D., Hoover, D.R., Chen, C., Whitmore, S.E., Flynn, C., Wesch, J., Detels, R. and Anderson, R. 1997. Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure does not appear to exacerbate HIV infection in homosexual men. AIDS 11:1773-1778.

Schein, O.D., Vicencio, C., Munoz, B., Gelatt, K.N., Duncan, D.D., Nethercott, J., Honeyman, J., Koren, H.S. and West, S. 1995. Ocular and dermatologic health effects of ultraviolet radiation exposure from the ozone hole in southern Chile. American Journal Public Health 85:546-550.

Scharffetter-Kochanek, K., Wiaschek, M., Brenneisen, P., Schauen, M., Blaudschun, R. and Wenk, J. 1997. UV-induced reactive oxygen species in photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. Biological Chemistry 378:1247-1257.

Scotto, J., Pitcher, H. and Lee, J.A.H. 1991. Indications of future decreasing trends in skin-melanoma mortality among whites in the United States. International Journal of Cancer 49:490-497.

Scotto, J., Fears, T.R. and Fraumeni, J.F. Jr. 1981. Incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer in the United States. National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NIH 82-2433.

Screibner, A., Hollis, D.E., Murray, E., McCarthy, W.H. and Milton, G.W. 1987. Effects of exposure to ultraviolet light on epidermal Langerhans cells and melanocytes in Australians of Aboriginal, Asian and Celtic descent. Photodermatology 3:15-25.

Setlow, R.B., Grist, E., Thompson, K. and Woodhead, A.D. 1993. Wavelengths effective in the induction of malignant melanoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 71:3363-3366.

Sharpe, R.J. 1986. The low incidence of multiple sclerosis near the equator may be due to ultraviolet light induced suppressor cells to melanocyte antigens. Medical Hypotheses 19:319-323.

Slaper, H., Velders, G.J.M., Daniel, J.S., De Gruijl, F.R. and Van der Leun, J.C. 1996. Estimates of ozone depletion and skin cancer incidence to examine the Vienna Convention achievements. Nature 384:256-258.

Spruance, S.L. 1985. Pathogenesis of herpes simplex labialis: experiment induction of lesions with UV light. Journal Clinical Microbiology 22:366-468.

Stern, R.S., Weinstein, M.C. and Baker, S.G. 1986. Risk reduction for nonmelanoma skin cancer with childhood sunscreen use. Archives Dermatology 122:537-545.

Stern, R.S. and Laird, N. 1994. The carcinogenic risk of treatments for severe psoraisis. Cancer 73:2759-2764.

Stern, R.S., Nichols, K.T. and Vakeva, L.H. 1997. Malignant melanoma in patients treated for psoriasis with methoxsalen (psoralen) and ultraviolet A radiation (PUVA). The PUVA Follow-Up Study. New England Journal Medicine 336:1041-1045.

Streilein, J.W. 1996. Photoimmunology of non-melanoma skin cancer. Cancer Surveys 26:207-217.

Streilein, J.W. and Bergstresser, P.R. 1988. Genetic basis of ultraviolet-B effects on contact hypersensitivity. Immunogenetics 27:398-405.

Stickland, F.M. and Kripke, M.L. 1997. Immune response associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 24:637-647.

Strom, S.S. and Yamamura, Y. 1997. Epidemiology of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Clinics in Plastic Surgery 24:627-636.

Taylor, H.R., West, S.K., Rosenthal, F.S., Munoz, B., Newland, H.S. and Emmett, E.A. 1989. Corneal changes associated with chronic UV irradiation. Archives Ophthalmology 107:1481-1484.

Teifke, J.P. and Lohr, C.V. 1996. Immunohistochemical detection of p53 overexpression in paraffin wax-embedded squamous cell carcinomas of cattle, horses, cats and dogs. Journal of Comparative Pathology 114:205-210.

Tieben, L.M., Berkhout, R.J.M., Smits, H.L., Bouwes Bavinck, J.N., Vermeer, B.J., Bruijn, J.A., Van der Woude, F.J. and Ter Schegget, J. 1994. Detection of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-like human papillomavirus types in malignant and premalignant skin lesions of renal transplant recipients. British Journal of Dermatology 131:226-230.

Thompson, S.C., Jolley, D. and Marks R. 1993. Reduction in solar keratoses by regular sunscreen use. New England Journal of Medicine 329:1147-1151.

Ullrich, S.E. 1995. The role of epidermal cytokines in the generation of cutaneous immune reactions and ultraviolet radiation-induced immune suppression. Photochemistry and Photobiology 62:389-401.

UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) 1994. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion: 1994 Update, van der Leun, J.C., Tevini, M., Tang, X. and Worrest, R.C. (eds.), United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, 1994.

UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) 1998. Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion: 1998 Update, van der Leun, J.C., Tevini, M., Tang, X. and Worrest, R.C. (eds.), United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, this report.

USEPA (U.S.Environmental Protection Agency) 1987a. Chapters on: Nonmelanoma skin cancer, Cutaneous malignant melanoma, and Cataract, In Assessing the Risks of Trace Gases That Can Modify the Stratosphere, EPA 400/1-87/001C. Pp 7-1 to 7-66, 8-1 to 8-51, 10-1 to 10-48.

USEPA (U.S.Environmental Protection Agency) 1988. Regulatory Impact Analysis: Protection of Stratospheric Ozone, Stratospheric Protection Program, Office of Air and Radiation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Valverde, P., Healy, E, Jackson, I, Rees J.L. and Thody, A.J. 1995. Variants of the melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans. Nature Genetics 11:328-330.

Valverde, P., Healy, E, Sikkink, S., Haldane, F., Thody, A.J., Carothers, A., Jackson, I.J. and Rees, J.L. 1996. The Asp84glu variant of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is associated with melanoma. Human Molecular Genetics 5:1663-1666.

van der Leun, J.C. and Van Weelden, H. 1986. UVB phototherapeutic principles, radiation sources, regimens. In Therapeutic Photomedicine, H Hoenigsmann, G Stingl (eds.), Karger, Basel, pp. 39-51.

van der Leun, J.C., Takizawa, Y. and Longstreth, J.D. 1989. Human Health, Chapter 2. In Environmental Effects Panel Report, United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi.

van der Leun, J.C., Takizawa, Y. and Longstreth, J.D. 1989. Human health. In Environmental Effects Panel Report, van der Leun, J.C., Tevini, M, and Worrest, R.C. (eds.), UNEP, Nairobi, 1991.

van der Leun, J.C. and De Gruijl, F.R. 1993. Influences of ozone depletion on human and animal health. In UVB Radiation and Ozone Depletion, Tevini, M. (ed.), Lewis Publishing, Boca Raton, pp 95-123.

Varma, S.D., Devamanoharan, P.S. and Morris, S.M. 1995. Prevention of cataracts by nutritional and metabolic antioxidants. Critical Reviews of Food Science and Nutrition 35:111-29.

Vitasa, B.C., Taylor, H.R., Strickland, P.T., Rosenthal, F.S., West, S., Abbey, H., Ng, S.K., Munoz, B. and Emmett, E.A. 1990. Association of nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis with cumulative solar ultraviolet exposure in Maryland watermen. Cancer 65:2811-2817.

WMO (World Meteorological Organization) 1998. Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 1998. In Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project, Albritton, D.L, Aucamp, P.J., Megie, G. and Watson, R.T. (eds.), World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, in press.

Wei, Q., Matanoski, G.M., Farmer, E.R., Hedayati, M.A. and Grossman, L. 1993. DNA repair and aging in basal cell carcinoma: a molecular epidemiology study. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 90:1614-1618.

West, S.K., Duncan, D.D., Munoz, B, Rubin, G.S., Fried, L.P., Bandeen-Roche, K. and Schein, O.D. 1998. Sunlight exposure and the risk of lens opacities in a population-based study: the Salisbury eye evaluation project. JAMA 280:714-718

West, S.K. and Valmadrid, C.T. 1995. Epidemiology of risk factors for age-related cataract Surveys in Ophthalmology 39:323-335.

Yamawaki, M., Katiyar, S.K., Anderson, C.Y., Tubesing, K.A., Mukhtar, H. and Elmets, C.A. 1997. Genetic variation in low-dose UV-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity and in skin photocarcinogenesis. Journal Investigative Dermatology 109:716-721.

Yoshikawa, T. and Streilein, J.W. 1990. Genetic basis of the effects of ultraviolet light B on cutanteous immunity. Evidence that polymorphism at the Trfa and LPS loci governs susceptibility. Immunogenetics 32:398-405.

Yoshikawa, T., Rae, V., Bruin-Slot, W., Van den Berg, W., Taylor, J.R. and Streilein J.W. 1990. Susceptibility to effects of UV-B radiation on the induction of contact hypersensitivity as a risk for skin cancer in humans. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 95:530-536.

Ziegler, A., Leffel, D.J., Kunala, S., Sharma, H.W., Gailani, M., Simon, J.A., Halperin, A.J., Shapiro, P.E., Bale, A.E. and Brash, D.E. 1993. Mutation hotspots due to sunlight in the p53 gene of nonmelanoma skin cancers. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 90:4216-4220.

Zmudzka, B.Z. and Beer, J.B. 1990. Activation of human immunodeficiency virus by ultraviolet radiation. Photochemistry and Photobiology 6:1153-1162.

Ziegler, A., Jonason, A.S., Leffel, D.J., Simon, A., Sharma, H.W., Kimmelman, J., Remington, L., Jacks,T. and Brash, D.E. 1994. Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer. Nature 372:773-776.


HomeTOCPreviousNext


CIESIN Copyright © 1997 For more information about CIESIN and our activities contact CIESIN User Services. E-mail: ciesin.info@ciesin.org. Tel.: (914) 365-8988